The head of the National Association of Black Law Enforcement Officers (NABLEO) is urging Rhode Island Governor Gina Raimondo take action, stating that it was "woefully disappointing" that the most recent Rhode Island State Police (RISP) class had "not even one African American included among the recent graduates."
In a letter dated August 5, NABLEO Chairman Lt. Charles Wilson urges the RISP to "redouble" its efforts to recruit persons of color, after he said out of 1,500 applicants, one Hispanic male and one white female were the only exceptions to the nearly all-white male graduating class.
Honorable Gina Raimondo, Governor
State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
82 Smith Street
Providence, RI 02903
Governor Raimondo,
I was recently contacted by a community member to discuss the recent graduation of 29 new members of the Rhode Island State Police. It is my current understanding that this particular training class was, with the exception of one Hispanic male and one White female, comprised entirely of White males. It is also my understanding that more than 1,500 applicants were involved in the overall process resulting in their eventual appointments.
As well, in an article appearing in the Providence Journal on July 24th, it was mentioned that, of the 24 prospective recruits who dropped out of the training program, all persons of color who had originally entered the academy were among this number.
First and foremost, we find it woefully disappointing that there was not even one African American included among the recent graduates. Even more so when considering that, of the original 1,500 people who applied, there must surely have been more than two who were qualified.
While it is fully recognized that there is currently a strong disconnect between the law enforcement community and communities of color in all areas of the country, it must also be accepted that this disconnect becomes more stringent when those who are sworn to protect the community do not reflect the makeup of the community.
Consequently, my questions regarding this process must turn to the methodologies that are used to propel it. The most obvious of these would be when did the process start? How was it announced? To whom was it communicated? What information was distributed and where was it placed?
Research has shown that there appears to be a serious disconnect in the manner by which the recruitment for minority law enforcement candidates is conducted within the State of Rhode Island (Wilson, Wilson, Luthar, & Bridges, 2013; Wilson, Wilson, & Gwann, 2015; Wilson, Wilson, & Gwann, 2016). This disconnect includes a seeming lack of consideration for various cultural competencies that may be pertinent and unique to African American society, that are considered anathema to members of the majority culture of law enforcement, as well as the overall lack of sufficient numbers of racially diverse personnel. And while we commend the efforts of the State Police in their implementation of their recent “Diversity Academy”, this must be looked at as a tree whose fruit will not soon ripen.
We must next determine whether the overall culture of the agency reflects the current state of recruiting technology. Was there a stronger emphasis placed on internal familiarizations, previous and more positive connections to the law enforcement community, or a reliance on strictly subjective concepts as opposed to objective concepts, during the selection process. These methods will invariably preclude candidates of color from the recruiting matrix.
Also of serious concern must be a consideration of the reasons which caused the departure of all candidates of color from the recruiting class. While it is quite conceivable, and indeed realistic, to consider that there would be a level of attrition amongst minority candidates, often due to an inability to properly acclimate to organizational culture or the failure of specific testing regimens. The departure of all candidates of color is both deeply concerning and problematic, and so should be questioned.
While my previous conversations on this issue with Colonel Steven O’Donnell have consistently indicated his desire and understanding of the need to embrace a more diverse pool of candidates, it must be recognized that when an agency’s personnel do not adequately reflect the tone and nature of the community it serves, it provides strong indications and perceptions of an unwillingness to address community needs and concerns, racially biased hiring procedures, and a complete lack of connectedness with the community being served; thus often leading to formal complaints regarding agency practices. It may further indicate that any expressed initiatives towards community policing may be nothing more than “public speak” and have little or no true substance.
It is the connectivity with the community and the transparency of the recruiting campaign which directs the flow of applicants, not the mere notice that positions are open or available. It is the concerted effort to ensure that all possible stakeholders in the community are aware of the agency’s need for expansion and of the method and procedure for engaging in the process that focuses the attention of those who are sought for these positions.
It requires “thinking outside of the box” in the conduct of the recruiting campaign, needing much more than mere visits to colleges and career fairs. It requires both structured communication with, and cooperation from, community leaders, faith-based groups, social and fraternal organizations, and the business community, as all are stakeholders in the efforts to keep the community safe. And it requires the publication and distribution of information in locations previously not considered but no less part and parcel of the targeted community, as it is the access to information that spearheads its use.
We urge the Rhode Island State Police to redouble their efforts in the recruitment of persons of color. We recommend a full, transparent and complete review of the methodologies used by the agency in their hiring practices, as well as their retention, promotion and disciplinary processes, each of which has both a direct and dynamic impact on the service of African American and Latino officers. We, as well, strongly urge the agency to make a more concerted effort to engage the community in their programs, as the very essence of any community policing initiative is the community, without which those efforts will undoubtedly fail. We welcome any opportunity to assist in these efforts.
The National Association of Black Law Enforcement Officers, Inc., a 501.c.3 non-profit, is a premier national organization representing the interests and concerns of African American, Latino and other criminal justice practitioners of color serving in law enforcement, corrections, and investigative agencies throughout the United States, and the communities in which they serve.
Sincerely,
Lieut. Charles P. Wilson (Ret.)
Chairman, NABLEO
Related Slideshow: Male African American Leaders in RI - 2015
GoLocal asked some of the leaders in Rhode Island who are African-American about their experience with police - read what they have to say and their suggestions to improve the relationship.
I have been stopped by the police 6-7 times by the police while driving. I was also stopped and detained once while walking home to Fox Point coming from the Brown Bookstore.
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
The first time I was stopped and detained by the police I was 15 years old. I was walking home to Fox Point from the Brown Bookstore on Thayer St. As I was walking, three or four police cruisers pulled up all around me with lights flashing. They got out the cars, grabbed me and pushed me spread eagle against one of the cruisers. I was told that there was a break-in on the next street over and I fit the description of the suspect. The phrase "you fit the description" sounds so cliché but it all so common. I was put in the back of a cruiser and driven through my neighborhood for all my friends and neighbors to see and driven to the house that was broken into. When it was determined that I wasn't the suspect I was allowed to walk home. While walking home I felt angry to be treated like a criminal and I felt humiliated to be seen as a criminal by my friends and neighbors. I also felt vulnerable and helpless that my freedom could be taken away so easily for being nothing more than a black kid walking down the street.
What's your suggestion for officers?
My suggestion for police officers is to know the community that you serve. The police must become part of the community. But understand that how you serve the community will reflect how the community views you.
I have been stopped by the police in my car about 5 times in my life and have been approached by them as a pedestrian about 3 times, all happening after I was 18 (6 years).
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
There were times that I felt I was treated differently because of my race. For instance I was pulled over with my best friend on a saturday night once, just headed home from a friends house and the police officer made us both get out of the car and he frisked us and asked if “we had guns or knives on us." This made me feel like there was already an assumption that because I was a black male I automatically had to have weapons on me and be up to no good. Little did they know I was a Division 1 athlete at Holy Cross who had never even seen a gun before in his life.
What's your suggestion for officers?
My suggestions to the police would be to stay clear of pulling over or approaching people simply because of an “idea” or “assumption” of how a certain group of people carries themselves. I'm not saying all black men are perfect because that is far from true but we deserve the respect of every other race. If we break a law we should be charged. If we don’t then leave it alone. There is no reason to be targeting someone on what you assume because of the color of their skin.
“If you are actually asking how many negative encounters I have had with police officers, the answer is twelve. My first entanglement involved being beaten by four Detroit policemen for leading a walk-out at my junior high school. Foch was built to accommodate 2,000 students; when I arrived in the 7th grade it had 4,400 students. We demanded a new building. After the superintendent paid no attention, I was elected to lead a student protest. With a little help from several adult advocates, we were able to attract the media and the police to our walk-out. The four officers bloodied me with Billy-clubs just in time for the evening news. Four months later I was given a silver shovel to help dig the foundation for the new junior high school. That success has given me faith in non-violent protest. Two years later I marched with James Meredith outside Jackson, MS, where the local sheriff arrested us for trespassing after one of his deputies ran us off the road with his truck onto private property. That night in the Sunflower County Jail, two officers took turns punching me, after which the bludgeoned me, leaving two scars on either side of my head. I tell people that when I am bald, my civil rights scars will show. As head of the Providence Human Relations Commission in the 1980s, I knew of scores of young Black men being stopped by police for nothing other than being Black on the “wrong” street.
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
A city, a state and a nation where racism was legal prior to 1965, where individuals, police officers and the government could visit it upon Black men whenever they so chose, was the norm. I have seen much progress in Providence since Mayor Paolino curtailed many of these practices. But a glass half-full is not good enough in a free society.
What’s your suggestion for officers?
Cornell Young, Jr. would be alive today if the police officers involved had given him seven seconds more to fully identify himself as an off-duty police officer. Police officers need to be trained in how to appropriately encounter minorities. Every one of the recent shootings across the nation has involved substandard judgment. Ten years ago, I trained the entire Providence Police Department, and had individual conversations with almost one hundred members of the force about interactions with the public. I felt the progress being made. Police officers should be encouraged to live in the city of Providence, and required to meet and greet citizens on their beats. It is human nature to fear the unknown. I would like to see the Police Department get to know us better. I have a tried to provide quiet leadership to some of new Black community leaders. I am impressed by their willingness to push for change. But, I have been saddened by the reluctance in White leadership. This is a moment that requires clergy, public officials, community leaders, and social workers to take to the streets to show that they care.
Community Organizer, Concerned Citizens for John Hope Settlement House
How many times have you been stopped by police?
Asking me this question is like asking someone, how many times have they caught a cold? I would estimate it at over 30 times. This includes, walking, driving, and while riding my bike.
This does not include interactions with the police ranging from arresting people that I care about, to my job working with them doing gang prevention in Kennedy Plaza for a year or as School Resource Officers in my school. Counting those interactions the answer becomes innumerable.
What has your experience been -- how did it make you feel?
How do you describe a constant presence that does not interact with you unless they think something is wrong? Police are constantly there. Some polite. Some kind. Some respectful. Some neutral. Some who are quite frankly not those things. All of them melting into an amorphous amalgamation of uniform, badge, and baton. At what point do they just become just another part of the Providence experience? Just as unpaved roads, dilapidated schools, and abandoned homes are? Their presence is forever a part of my experience.
The same people whose bosses I’ve met and possibly worked with or for.
When they see me that does not matter. How could they know?
All they know is that on certain occasions, I’ve fit the description. Between 5’5 and 6’3, African American male, weighing between 160 and 230 pounds.
As a whole, I see them melt into one general picture as I must do for them.
Asking me how I feel is irrelevant. They have been a presence in my life since childhood. They are what they are. I’ve had great interactions, with Chiefs of police and other higher ups. However, when we talk about the day to day officer, for the most part I feel powerless. My voice, thoughts, experiences, do not matter. At that moment, I can be spoken to however that officer chooses to speak me. I can be treated however that officer chooses to treat me, and it’s ok. He has full immunity to do whatever he wants to me. At least that's what our society has taught us.
What's your suggestion for officers?
I have no suggestion. All police officers know how to treat people the way that they would want to be treated in their own community.
Community Organizer, Founder of Project Night Vision
How many times have you been stopped by police?
How many times have you been stopped by police? Since the age of 16, I've been stopped by law-enforcement in over 5 states approximately 30-40 times. (reasons vary)
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
What has your experience been -- how did it make you feel? I will be the first to admit some of the stops were warranted, speeding, no seat belt etc. The stops that continue to leave feelings of doubt are definitely the majority. Naming departments will only fuel the fire that has already been "burning out of control" among law-enforcement , therefore I will say this. The departments that require minimal education requirements, zero residency restriction and archaic recruiting processes will always remain less professional during car stop or civilian interaction. I am a social service professional with countless hours of training and volunteer hours under my belt. In order to properly serve the community in any capacity or within any city, you must know and understand the population of people. I truly believe law-enforcement is not for the faint of heart and lately the officers I've encountered display barriers before they even utter a word. I can almost smell the fear and distrust before they reach my vehicle. Combine this mistrust and fear with little to no knowledge of the neighborhood or the culture and routine traffic stops or face to face confrontations become stressful situations for all involved.
What's your suggestion for officers?
Professionalism!! I believe our officers should be taught to remain professional at all times regardless of the situation. When an officer is unable to remain professional, they should face the consequences just as any other professional in any other field of work. Absolutely no passes!! The only way to become a professional in your field of work is through extensive training and research about the subject matter or population. My suggestions include: professional development training, mentor , volunteerism, community events, coaching, school events, etc. The officers will never see "Eye to Eye" with the community they serve unless they stand "Shoulder to Shoulder".
I haven't had that experience of being stopped, so I don't fit into that category. I must not have been in the wrong place at the wrong time. But I've always been enaged in change.
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
My experience has to do with a police brutality suit years ago, stemming from an incident that occured in South Providence. Hundreds protested, and that's when the coalition of black leadership formed. After talking with people, I knew the only way was through the courts. I was told that I should talk to top notch civil rights attornies. We got Alvin Bronstein -- he's a foremost civol rights attorney -- and I had to get affidavits from people who alleged police brutality -- I got 150. This would have been in 1971.
I had to raise some money to hire attorneys -- I was representing six plaintiffs in the suit - 4 are dead, and the remaining 2 don't want much to do with it anymore, so I'm the last man standing
We got Drew Days -- Professor Emeritus at Yale , Assistant Solicitor General for [former President Jimmy] Carter -- John Roney with RI Legal Services -- so we went to the courts, they reviewed the affidavits down to 75 -- and there was a consent order. We weren't happy, but it was progress.
What's your suggestion for officers?
Here we are, 40 years later. A year and a half ago Pare and Clements called for changes under the consent order -- they're reasonable guys -- and the only way they could make changes was if the plaintiffs agreed, the 2 remaining just signed off, again, I'm last man standing. The timeliness of it all, it provides us with an opportunity -- if they want an effective one, it gives us the opportunity to come up with an effective one. I'm hoping to affect something that's good for the community and all the nuances. We want to put together something doesn't exist in the U.S. America was built on these types of traumatic things that happened -- throwing the tea in the Boston Harbor.
Fortunately. I have (only) been stopped by police only a few times in my life.
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
Most of the times there wasn't an issue, however, a few times the officer acted unprofessionally. Nothing serious, but it was dehumanizing.
What's your suggestion for officers?
My advice to officers is that you can't act professionally at ALL times, they should leave the department.
After the forum Monday night, I am convinced that there is a problem with police community interactions in Rhode Island. It is my belief that the vast majority of complaints from the community involve the few "bad apples" who are employed by virtually every department in the state. Community police relations will only improve when the police are better able to police themselves. Every thing from the complaint process, progresive dicipline and the policemen's Bill of Rights needs to be greatly reformed. The vast majority of police officers do a great job of serving and protecting our communities but its the few "bad apples" who make it bad for all of us.
Executive Director of the Mount Hope Neighborhood Association
How many times have you been stopped by police?
I've had a number of encounters with law enforcement growing up in Rhode Island. Too many to count to be honest. I say Rhode Island because my encounters haven't just been while in the City limits of Providence. In fact, I feel less likely to be stopped by law enforcement while in Providence than I do outside of the City.
What has your experience been - how did it make you feel?
Not all of my encounters have been negative. As I always say, I know some very good Law Enforcement Officials who conduct their business appropriately. That being acknowledged, when my encounters have been negative many of them (too many of them, in my opinion) have been very negative. I've had Officers rush into a backyard screaming "Don't move!" with guns drawn and pointed at us without explaining why they were pointing guns at us; I've been pulled over and had my car towed because of a "mistake" in reading the paperwork properly on the part of the Officer; I've been pulled over and had my car and its passengers searched for guns because "it's Dominican Festival weekend"; worst of all I've been arrested and had false charges levied against me for telling an Officer that he didn't have the right to yell at people in the neighborhood while he was doing his job. I know he yelled because I was one of the people he yelled at. The last encounter sounds unbelievable, I know. I might not believe it myself were it not for the document that I had to sign agreeing to not sue the Officer or the Department in exchange for the charges against me being dropped. The Officer is still on patrol and I'm not aware of any disciplinary actions that have ever been taken against him for his behaviour, so it's especially insulting to have to bump into him from time to time. Once again, not all of my experiences have been negative... but when they have been many of them have been extremely bad.
What's your suggestion for officers?
Respect and Professionalism has to be key. Respect for the badge that you wear and the department you represent, respect for the laws that you are sworn to uphold, respect for the communities that you serve. Professionalism has to be the standard that you abide by as you move in this regard. That especially includes holding fellow Officers accountable to the same standard when they are conducting themselves in an unprofessional and/or inappropriate manner. Training, workshops, etc... are only as good as how they get applied by the Officers when they are in the Community. To state it plainly, the Community doesn't just want to hear that you are Law Enforcement Professionals, they want to see it and feel it in their interactions with you. We understand that the job is hard and we agree that we all have bad days... but we, the Community, also understand that a true Professional will not sacrifice even an iota of their professionalism despite how difficult the job may be. Respect and Professionalism; those are two of the majors keys to more and better Community-Police relations, in my humble opinion.
