Fatal Crashes Involving Recent Marijuana Users Double in Washington

Wednesday, May 11, 2016

 

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Fatal crashes involving drivers who have recently used marijuana doubled in Washington after the state legalized the drug, according to latest research by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. 

"The significant increase in fatal crashes involving marijuana is alarming. Washington serves as an eye-opening case study for what other states may experience with road safety after legalizing the drug," said Peter Kissinger, President and CEO of the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. 

A second research report was also released on Tuesday  and it evaluates the challenges of the setting of legal limits for marijuana and driving. The highlights of the two reports include: 

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•    Washington legalized marijuana in December of 2012. The percentage of drivers involved in fatal crashes who had recently used marijuana more than doubled, from eight percent to 17 percent between 2013 and 2014. In addition, one in six drivers in Washington involved in fatal crashes in 2014 (most recent data available) had recently used marijuana.
•    In order to enforce drug-impaired driving laws, some states have created legal limits, also known as per se limits, which specify the maximum amount of THC (the main chemical component in marijuana) that drivers can have in their system based on a blood test. AAA’s research, however, showed that legal limits are arbitrary and not supported by science.
•    AAA’s findings lead to a belief that states should use more comprehensive enforcement measures to improve road safety.

Legal Limits 

The use of legal limits to determine the amount of  THC in the blood is similar in the concept to the .08 BAC limit for driving under the influence of alcohol. However, researchers determined that legal lmits for marijuana and driving are a problem because: 

  • There is no science showing that drivers reliably become impaired at a specific level of marijuana in the blood.
  • *High THC levels may drop below legal thresholds before a test is administered to a suspected impaired driver.
  • *Marijuana can affect people differently, making it more challenging to develop consistent and fair guidelines.

 

“There is understandably a strong desire by both lawmakers and the public to create legal limits for marijuana impairment, in the same manner as we do with alcohol,” “In the case of marijuana, this approach is flawed and not supported by scientific research. It’s simply not possible today to determine whether a driver is impaired based solely on the amount of the drug in their body,” said David Raposa, AAA Northeast Managing Director of Public Affairs. 

AAA Urges Comprehensive Enforcement 

AAA is urging states to use more comprehensive enforcement measures to improve road safety. AAA says that states should used a two-component system that requires a positive test for recent marijuana use, and most importantly behavorioal and physiological evidence of driver impairment. 

The system would rely on two current law enforcement training programs, Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement and the 50 state Drug Evaluation and Classification program. 

"Marijuana can affect driver safety by impairing vehicle control and judgement,” continued Mr. Raposa. “States need consistent, strong and fair enforcement measures to ensure that the increased use of marijuana does not impact road safety.”

Legalizing Marijuana 

Four states, including Alaska, Colorado, Oregon, and Washington, plus Washington, D.C. have legalized the recreational use of marijuana, and 20 states have legalized it for therapeutic and medicinal use. 

Washington was one of the first two states to legalize the recreational use of marijuana. 

See the Map Below

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AAA Northeast

AAA Northeast is a not-for-profit auto club with 62 offices in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, New Hampshire and New York, providing more than 2 million local AAA members with travel, insurance, finance, and auto-related services.

 

Related Slideshow: Who Supports, Opposes Marijuana Legalization in RI in 2016

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Supports

RegulateRI

Jared Moffat with RegulateRI pointed to Colorado’s regulated marijuana system generating more than $135 million in revenue in 2015 -- as well as potential competition from Massachusetts if they legalize marijuana first -- as reasons for Rhode Island lawmakers to act on the legislation this year. 

“Vermont and Massachusetts, we should be well aware of the fact that they're moving seriously towards legalization,” said Moffat. “We've had the debate for five years now -- and it's coming. The question is now do we want to get ahead of the curve. Our hope is that now that tolls vote happened, that this will be the next thing that fills the void."

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Opposed

Rhode Island Medical Society

"Legislatively, we have nine point policy on drugs, and the last one is we don't support legalization.  It's not specific to marijuana, but it's the closest the [American Medical Association] comes to policy," said Steve DeToy, RIMS Director of Public Affairs.

"We support medical marijuana. Taxing the patient isn't something we'd support, but if it's for regulating an unregulated supply system, we support that," said DeToy. "Rhode Island has two types of suppliers, one is the compassion centers that have had strict oversight, and the other is the caregivers' side which hasn't had the same level of protections and oversight at this time."

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Supports

NAACP Providence Branch

NAACP Providence Branch President Jim Vincent serves on the RegulateRI coalition -- and offered the following:

"The New England Area Conference [of the NAACP] voted in favor of the legislation.  It continues to be an issue that tears apart our community, this war on drugs. It's a key factor why our community is suffering, when we can be keeping people out of jail for something that can be regulated," said Vincent. 

"Legalization is many issues -- it's social justice. for others its medicinal, they for others its a tax raising issue," said Vincent. "I'm staying on the social justice."

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Opposed

RI Taxpayers

"Marijuana will be the next great debate.  With leadership unwilling to address their broken culture of inefficiency and questionable ethics, they will look to any source for future funds that will not impact the current culture," said RI Taxpayers' Larry Girouard. "Tolls, pot, gambling and other initiatives do not require leadership to change anything. They just tap new funding sources."
 
"When you have the most hostile business climate in the continental US, one would think there would be ample examples of things leadership might initiate to improve our business climate. Of course this would mean that leadership would need to make a few unpopular decisions, something that they seem unwilling to do. Name one thing that leadership has done over the last 5 years that demonstrates that they are really serious about changing Rhode Island’s abysmal anti-business brand. It is easier to create new sources of income, like tolls," said Larry Girouard.

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Neutral

Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity

"Our statement is we're not 'pro' or con until we do more research," said Rhode Island Center for Freedom and Prosperity CEO Mike Stenhouse. "Our question is, if it's a lot like alcohol, and supporters say why don't we just tax it like that, then do we think more 'alcohol' for young Rhode Islanders is a good or bad thing?"

"When government in its voracious appetite for new revenue considers legislation that could arguably provide great societal or individual harm, you have to consider the pros and cons," said Stenhouse. "We'd have to look at Colorado and other states for the impact there."

"As for [taxing] medical marijuana, if we're taxing it simply as a revenue source, it's government out of control," said Stenhouse. "And if we try and overregulate, we know there's a huge black market for cigarettes already in Rhode Island."

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Supports

RI Progressive Democrats

"We support a legalize, tax, and regulate approach," said Sam Bell with the RI Progressive Democrats."

As for the Governor's proposal to tax medical marijuana caregivers and patients?

"We have not taken a formal position, but I would imaging the majority of our group would be opposed," said Bell. 

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Supports

RI Libertarian Party

"Continuing to waste resources on enforcing the prohibition on the consumption of marijuana, the moral equivalent of a good bourbon, is like flushing taxpayer dollars down the drain," said Pat Ford, Chairman of the RI Libertarian Party. "If adults want to use marijuana in the privacy of their home, why shouldn't they be allowed to do so without fear of prosecution?"  

"The War on Drugs is a consummate failure that has crossed our nation billions of dollars through the combined cost of interdiction and incarceration, exacerbated racial tensions, inspired a narco terrorist fueled refugee crisis and been the root cause underlying several public health crises," said Ford. "Waisted lives and wasted resources will be its sole legacy. The legalization of cannabis can begin to bring this madness to an end."

 
 

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